Leviticus 4

The Sin Offering is crucial, providing atonement for sins committed unintentionally by individuals or the community. The size and type of the required animal depend on who committed the sin (high priest, the whole congregation, a ruler, or a common person). The most important ritual is the application of the blood: for a corporate sin, the blood is carried into the Tabernacle and sprinkled before the veil, emphasizing the gravity of sin, even if accidental.